This radically new process formulated by our scientists in the chemical engineering field spares the environment and maintains an economic efficiency in an elegant way by improving the quality of various grades of residual fuel oils in common use today.
After the doping technique applied the physical properties of the residual heavy oils are modified and a higher degree of combustion (combustibility) is reached in a more environment-friendly manner. The process upgrades the combustion properties of these products and places them into a new category with amazing results that would allow their further use in a more demanding society in the future to come. The residual oils are known to blend with lighter oil-derived products but never have they been known to do this freely with water and without being consequently separated from it.
By implementing this innovative approach not only is it possible to cut back (blend) oil residues, boiler oil, industrial furnace fuel oil, marine residual- or bunker oil with plain water but also to accomplish this even with products of higher viscosity as the bitumen (oil asphalt). Having in mind the wide application of these products, the huge daily amounts consumed from various fuel oil handling systems and fuel oil storage tanks, we cannot but recognize the advantages offered by this new technology for saving our fragile echo system in good time nowadays.
The Nano-Carbon Know-How Practice developed by us made feasible what was once impossible to achieve i.e. the free mixing of water with heavy fuel oils. The water-to-heavy oil emulsions can be varied within the ratio range between 20%- to 100%-water content with respect to fuel oils. This free miscibility becomes a reality thanks to the action of our Nano-Carbon Water and Nano E-Mix, liquid additives recently developed at our laboratories.
The Nano-Carbon Know-How is superior in its economical efficiency and is an excellent environmental protection measure meeting the ever increasing demands for cleaner surroundings that have become the number-one priority to be always taken into account in the 21 Century.
By implementing the Nano-Carbon Know-How Practice such fuel oils as fuel oil of C or B type, asphalt (liquid oil bitumen), oil sludge and crude oil itself can be converted into ecology-friendly fuels and combustibles. A balance is struck through this epoch-making chemical engineering between the economic interests for saving & profit, on the one side, and, on the other, the restricting severe ecological legislation for reducing the various gas emissions into the atmosphere. That will certainly allow to keep on utilizing the above-mentioned heavy combustibles with the radically new acquired characteristics in a more efficient way by favourably modifying the very combustion process in the water-to-fuel ratio range from 20% to 100%.
The novel properties of а conventional fuel oil converted now into Nano E-Oil, allow it to stay dispersed in the water without separating from it at 90OC for more than 240 hours.
The evaporation rate of the heavy- or residual oil products is low at normal temperatures. After blending Nano-carbon water with boiler oil and E-mix as prescribed by our Know-How practice a uniform (homogeneous) dispersion is reached throughout. The process of burning is in no way deteriorated as could have been expected when adding water to a combustible and there are no problems as non-ignition and/or misfire. Rather, an increase of 2 - 3% in the combustion efficiency is observed.
The noxious post-combustion products, the smoke density and CO2 are decreased, whereas such compounds, as for instance dioxin, are not generated due to the more complete oil-ingredients burning-out and are correspondingly not emitted to the atmosphere.
NANO E-OIL PRODUCTION FACILITY
A facility is needed for blending the E-Mix, Nano-Carbon Water and the
boiler oil in accordance with the fuel consumption rate suitable for the
combustion performance of a given boiler.
What is Nano E-Mix?
It is a liquid additive designed to a radically new process by implementing chemical engineering methods to upgrade the combustion properties of heavy oils. Its carbon-compound particles are of the order of the nano-meter (n. m., 1-9 m). Their surface is processed by chemical modification for achieving the desired properties that have been empirically foreseen and chemically controlled.
The Nano E-Mix facilitates the electrolytic oxidation carbon colloid (as made to a patented production technique of ours) to thoroughly blend with the fuel oil. The electrolytic carbon colloid is electrochemically doped (modified) and acts as catalyst with its carbon particles of the order of 2 - 4 n.m. and exists as intercalated compound in an imbricated fish-scale pattern of about 70 layers.
Nano Carbon is a hydroxyl compound of a very high dispersion character and forms stable chemical bonds with the benzene rings present in the heavy fuel oils. The exceptionally high degree of dispersion of Nano-Carbon Water with heavy oils is stable and cannot be disturbed (reversed) in any chemical or physical way, thus preventing the separation of the oil components from the water.
Moreover, the addition of Nano Carbon eliminates the negative presence-of-water-in-the-fuel behavior normally expected during a combustion process when water is added to a combustible. On the contrary, the combustion process, as mentioned above, amazingly improves.
Where does this improvement in the combustion process come from? Gasoline with its volatility, for instance, is a highly inflammable liquid and its flammability sharply rises in the presence of oxygen. The low evaporation rate of heavy oil, however, at the time of spraying the latter through the burner increases after the treatment with the additives and Carbon Water and the combustion efficiency improves due to the rearranged refined structure of the boiler oil under the action of our additives.
Thanks to this Know-How Practice of ours the boiler oil structure gets refined (rearranged) when the high-viscous boiler oil is being churned with the Nano-Carbon Water (2 - 4 n.m.) in the stock tank as a result of which a uniform stable dispersion is reached throughout the blend.
NANO E-OIL COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY
The Nano E-Oil is finely dispersed, and when injected, is gas-vaporised. The gas-vapor mixture rapidly heats up in the superheated combustion chamber.
Continuous atomized-fuel mini-explosions occur induced by the flashed vapour, as Nano-Carbon Water is immediately flash-vaporized, boosting thus the super-atomised boiler oil combustible constituents to flash-fire as well due to the steam mini-explosions and to thoroughly burn out in a combustion zone highly enriched in oxygen.
The combustion conditions are chemically modified by the activity of Nano Carbon Water. The combustion process is accelerated/catalyzed by these mini-explosions, whereas the presence of hydrogen from the --OH and --COOH creates perfect conditions for the reformed fuel to burn out completely inside the combustion chamber.
Furthermore the Nano-Carbon complex groups tend to get easily oxidized due to the existence of the numerous hydroxyl groups -OH. At that, during the jet atomizing and burning process the super-particulate oil immediately in the vicinity after the nozzle flashes out (instantaneously explodes). The energy from the explosions continuously shatters the Nano-Carbon, flash-vaporizes it into super-minute particles that in their turn induce the oil flash firing and this cycle repeats over and over, contributing to a complete burning process on the whole.
NANO E-OIL BLENDING RATIO
Boiler-Oil to Nano-Carbon-Water to Nano-E-Mix Blending-Ratio Table
Boiler Oil
(Heavy Oil [C])
In Liters
Water
In Liters To Add
Water In % As Related To Boiler Oil Amount n.m. Carbon Water In Liters (1% As Related To Water Amount Added)
E-Mix In Liters
E-Mix In % As Related To Boiler Oil Amount
Total Amount
Of E-Oil
1 100 L 20 L 20 % 0.20 L 0.4 L 0.4 % 120.60 L
2 100 L 25 L 25 % 0.25 L 0.4 L 0.4 % 125.65 L
3 100 L 30 L 30 % 0.30 L 0.5 L 0.5 % 130.80 L
4 100 L 35 L 35 % 0.35 L 0.5 L 0.5% 135.85 L
5 100 L 40 L 40 % 0.40 L 0.6 L 0.6 % 141.00 L
6 100 L 50 L 50 % 0.50 L 0.8 L 0.8 % 151.30 L
7 100 L 100 L 100 % 1.00 L 1.6 L 1.6 % 202.60 L
NANO E-OIL PRODUCTION FACILITY SCHEDULE
The amount of Nano E-Oil to be blended per hour can be decided on
in accordance with a schedule for the specified yearly boiler-oil amount
to use for that period.
The stock amount blended shall always be 2 times that of the
amount to be burnt out in the combustion chamber within an hour
A facility therefore will be needed for blending the additives with the heavy fuel oils:
NANO E-OIL COST ANALYSIS
100 000 Mt/year E-Oil Burning Boiler Case:
Lets assume that the amount of water to add will be in the range of 20 - 50% as related to the boiler-fuel amount
Accordingly, the water amount to add to the boiler oil will increase the cost saving with the increment of water input within the limits tabulated above.This saving will come from deducting the cost value of the selectively blended substitute amounts of Nano E-Oil from the cost value of the originally scheduled boiler-oil amount that should have been used if it were not for the Know-How practice herein. Alternatively, the net saving from introducing Nano E-Oil into the combustion system will comprise the yearly water-substituted boiler-oil cost value reduced by the sum of the Nano-Carbon Water- and E-Mix cost value.
Following the data for the Nano-E Oil ingredients-ratio table above and assuming the average boiler-oil cost throughout the season to be USD 180/Mt we have the following estimations for the boiler-fuel saving. In the first case when we choose to add 20% of water as related to the scheduled yearly boiler-fuel amounts in metric tons, and in the second one - 50%:
a) Case study for a 20%-water-substituted boiler oil amount as referred to a boiler-oil amount of 100 000 Mt per year at a presumed fuel price of USD 180/Mt
20% x 100 000 Mt boiler oil = 20 000 Mt boiler oil saved
20 000 Mt x USD 180/Mt = USD 3 600 000
ABO = USD 3 600 000 (boiler-oil yearly cost value saved)
For a 20%- water substitution the corresponding E-Mix cost value is 0.4% of the amount of the boiler oil as per the standardized value in the ratio table, the unit price per metric ton of E-Mix being USD 5950/Mt or
100 000 Mt x 0.4% = 400 Mt
400 Mt x USD 5950/Mt = USD 2 380 000
BE-Mix = USD 2 380 000 (E-Mix yearly cost value)
For a 20%-substitution at Nano Carbon Water price = USD 3700/Mt (The tabulated amount for Nano Carbon Water is 1% from the substitute water in compliance with the ratio table)
20 000 Mt (substitute water) x 1% (n.m. carbon water) = 200 Mt
(n.m. carbon water)
200 Mt x USD 3 700/Mt = USD 740 000
CNCW = USD 740 000 (NANO CARBON WATER yearly cost value)
Savings for the year at 20% water substitution:
ABO - (BE-Mix + CNCW) = USD 3 600 000 - (USD 2 380 000 + USD 740 000) =
= USD 3 600 000 - USD 3 120 000 = USD 480 000 net saving for the year
b) Case study for a 50%-water-substituted boiler-oil amount as referred to a boiler-oil amount of 100 000 Mt per year
a) 50% x 100 000 Mt boiler oil = 50 000 Mt boiler oil saved
50 000 Mt x USD 180/Mt = USD 9 000 000
ABO = USD 9 000 000 (boiler-oil yearly cost value saved)
For a 50%- water substitution the corresponding E-Mix value is 0.8% of the amount of the boiler oil as per the standardized value in the ratio table, the unit price per metric tonne of E-Mix being USD 5950/Mt or
100 000 Mt x 0.8% = 800 Mt (E-Mix)
800 Mt x USD 5950 = USD 4 760 000
BE-Mix = USD 4 760 000 (E-Mix yearly cost value)
For a 50%-substitution at Nano Carbon Water price = USD 3 700/Mt:
(The tabulated amount for Nano Carbon Water is 1% of the substitute water
in compliance with the ratio table)
50 000 Mt (substitute water) x 1% = 500 Mt (nano carbon water)
500 Mt x USD 3 700/Mt = USD 1 850 000
CNCW = USD 1 850 000 (Nano Carbon Water yearly cost value)
Savings for the year at 50% water substitution:
ABO - (BE-Mix + CNCW) = USD 9 000 000 - (USD 4 760 000 + USD 1 850 000) =
= USD 9 000 000 - USD 6 610 000 = USD 2 390 000 net saving
Other fields of application of Nano Carbon derivatives:
For lead-acid batteries. It provides longer life (doubles it) and decreases battery weight two times
Recently applied to lithium batteries as Nano Pholon
Additive to oil products as Nano Carbon
Agricultural soil improvement, water quality improvement for aquaculture purposes (non-chemical use) as Green Pholon
Antirust application in the medicine industry and automobile industry as 21 LLC
Under development in cosmetics and in textiles industry
E-OIL CASE STUDY
NANO CARBON WATER CASE - 30%-WATER SUBSTITUTION AS REFERRED TO 100 000 MT BOILER OIL AMOUNT
For example: 100 000 Mt of boiler oil reference base per year
Savings of boiler-oil cost value per year:
ABO = 30 000 Mt x USD 180/Mt = USD 5 400 000
E-Mix standardized quantity - 0.5% from the reference boiler oil
amount in Mt:
100 000Mt (boiler oil) x 0.5% = 500 Mt of E-Mix
BE-Mix = 500 Mt x USD 5950/Mt = USD 2 975 000
Nano Carbon Water - 1% from the substitute water amount which in
turn is 30% from the reference oil amount:
30 000 Mt (substitute water) x 1% = 300 Mt
CNCW = 300 Mt x USD 3 700 = USD 1 110 000
Net cost saving: USD 1 315 000
Working process
NEW FUEL THERMAL POWER STATION - 30%-CASE STUDY
Boiler oil Amount to burn out Monthly Daily Hourly
C.S.T. 180 700 000 kl 58 400 kl 1 974 kl 82 kl
Substitute water +
Nano Carbon 300 000 kl 25 000 kl 834 kl 35 kl
Nano Carbon 3 000 kl 250 kl 83 kl 0.35 kl
E-Mix 0.5 % 5 000 kl 417 kl 14 kl 0.58 kl
Total 1 008 000 kl
Boiler oil ABO 300 000 kl x USD 180/Mt = USD 54 000 000
n.m Carbon CNCW 3 000 kl x USD 3700/Mt = USD 11 100 000
E-Mix BE-Mix 5 000 kl x USD 5950/Mt = USD 29 750 000
ABO - (BE-Mix + CNCW) = USD 13 140 000
E-Mix (liquid-additive) facility cost
Production capacity 2 110 Mt/year 176 Mt/22 days 8 Mt/day Facility cost About USD 180 000
Heavy oil blending machine 5-Mt type 0.5 hour per one blend process
Others:
Additional information
Tolerance for Additive-to-Nano Carbon Water-to Heavy Oil Blending Ratio:
within +/- 5%
Full automatic control
Origin: Made in Japan
* Capacity can be modified to customer's request
*Maker's recommendations:
* THE CALORIFIC VALUE OF NEW FUEL E-MIX IS OVER 10 000 Kcal.
11 000 Kcal OR MORE IS ALSO POSSIBLE.
**ECOLOGY EFFECTIVENESS: NOXIOUS COMBUSTION AFTERPRODUCTS, SMOKE
DENSITY, CO2 etc. ARE DECREASED BY 30%.